mea mim kila kuhiliʻole 17-4

MIM 17-4 PH Nānā

Ma muli o ka maʻamau AISI 17-4 PH, ʻo MIM 17-4 PH kahi kila kuhili ʻole martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia e ka hui ʻana o ke kūpaʻa corrosion a me nā ʻano mechanical.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea MIM i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻāpana hoʻoheheʻe metala ʻo 17-4 PH stainless steel. He hui nui kēia metala o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, paʻakikī, a me ka ikaika. Hiki i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī me ka ikaika maikaʻi ke hana ʻia e 17-4 mau ʻano ʻokoʻa. Eia kekahi, hana ʻia ka paʻakikī lua i ka wā o ke kaʻina sintering ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi mau ʻāpana.

Mai ka 17-4 PH pale i ka corrosion e like me 304L, hoʻohana pinepine ia i nā noi e koi ana i nā waiwai mechanical.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia ka MIM-17-4 PH e UNS S17400, AISI 630, ASTM A564, AMS 5643, a me ke kila kila 17-4 PH.

 

Huina o na Kemika

ʻO ka hui kemika o Stainless Steel 17-4 i helu ʻia ma lalo nei, me nā mea a me ko lākou mau pākēneka kaumaha.

• Hao (Fe):Kaulike (koe hapa)
• Nikela (Ni):3.00-5.00%
• Silika (Si):1.00%
• Kalapona (C):0.07%
• Chromium (Cr):15.50-17.50%
• Niobium (Nb):0.15-0.45%
• Manganese (Mn):1.00%
• Ke keleawe (Cu):3.00-5.00%
• Sulfur (S):0.03%

Mālama ka haku mele i ka ikaika o ka mea, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe i kūpono no nā noi ʻoihana like ʻole.

Loaʻa i ka MIM 17-4 PH ke kila kuhili ʻole nā ​​hiʻohiʻona mechanical he 10-25% ʻoi aku ka ʻino ma mua o ka 17-4 PH i hana ʻia. ʻO nā kumu kumu mua:

Loaʻa nā hemahema o ka sintering i nā haumia kalapona lōʻihi, nā pores i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me nā kīʻaha.
ʻO ka lilo o nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka evaporation: Cr, Cu, a me Ni.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka haumia: O, C, a me N.

Me ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka sintering, hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ka māhele cubic austenite e pili ana i ke alo e nā ʻāpana kalapona a me ka nitrogen. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ferrite cubic delta ferrite e hoʻolalelale i ka wikiwiki o ka sintering. ʻO ke kila kila ʻole 17-4PH e loaʻa ana i ka ua i hopena i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika, ʻoiai ke koena delta-ferrite e hoʻemi i ka ikaika. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa ka martensite i ka wā hoʻomaha ma hope o ka sintering.

ʻO kahi mea nui o nā huahana MIM he oxygen. He kiʻekiʻe ka ʻili mua o nā pauka kila kila i uhi ʻia me nā oxides, a ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka oxygen ma muli o ke ʻano hana hana pauda. ʻO nā pae oxygen kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻāpana MIM 17-4 PH e alakaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion maikaʻi ʻole a me nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka mea e lawe aku kēia mau oxides i ka hiki o ka chromium ke kāohi i ka pala.

 

ʻO nā mea maʻamau

ʻO MIM kahi ʻenehana maʻalahi no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kila kila kila. ʻO ka wela kiʻekiʻe, ka wela wela, ke kaiapuni, ka lōʻihi o ka paʻa ʻana, a me ka nui o ka pauka e pili ana i ke kila kila 17-4 PH sinter. Nui nā mea e pili ana i ka haku mele ʻana o ka 17-4 PH alloy, ka mea e hoʻopili ai i nā ʻāpana microstructure, ke ʻano sintering, a me nā hiʻohiʻona hope loa. ʻO ka Nitrogen mai ka lewa kaʻina hana, ka oxygen mai ka pauka a i ʻole ka lewa, a me ke kalapona mai ka pauda a i ʻole ka mea hoʻopaʻa nā mea mua.

 

ʻO ke kaulike kūpono o ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī, a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion e hana i ka 17-4 PH i koho kaulana. Loaʻa i nā huahana ma nā ʻano uila, nā niho, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka aerospace i ka hui ʻana o nā ʻano maikaʻi ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela. ʻokoʻa e like me ka haku mele ʻana, me nā hoʻololi o Fe, Ni, Cu, a me Cr. ʻO ka mahana o solidus ma kahi o 1405 ° C, a ʻo ka wai o ka wai ma kahi o 1440 ° C. ʻO nāʻano mechanical e pane i ka mālama wela; ʻO ka elongation fracture mai ka 8 a hiki i ka 14%, ka ikaika o ka hua mai 760 a 1240 MPa, ka ikaika tensile mai 1000 a 1340 MPa, a hiki i ka paʻakikī ke 43 HRC.

 

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion e hoʻolilo i ka 17-4 PH stainless steel i koho maikaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe metala. ʻO ke kila kila martensitic i hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia i ka ua he 17-4 PH.

• Ka ikaika nui
• Paʻakikī loa
• Kūleʻa maikaʻi i ka corrosion
• ʻO ka paʻakikī no nā haʻihaʻi
• nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama wela a me ka wili

 

Nā hopena o ka Binder a me ka Debinding

No ke kila kila 17-4 PH hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōnaehana binder he nui; ʻO nā mea kaulana loa he 60% filler, 30% iwi kuamoʻo, a me 10% surfactant.

Ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka pae oxygen a i ʻole ke kalapona hope loa, ʻo ka debinding ka hopena i nā ʻano hope. ʻO ka de-polymerization a i ʻole ka solvent extraction ka hana mua i ka debinding; no ka laʻana, hoʻoheheʻe ka paraffin wax i ka heptane, a hemo ka polythylene glycol i ka wai wela. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa nitric fuming i ka catalytic debinding e wehe i ka polyoxymethylene. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e wehe i ka mea hoʻopaʻa i ka lua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ʻo ia ka paʻa ʻana ma 600 a 1000 ° C i loko o kahi hydrogen. Ua kapa ʻia kēia māhele ʻo ke kahua hoʻomaka sintering.

 

Ka hopena o ka ʻāpana Sintering

Hoʻopili kekahi mau mea hoʻololi i ka wā o ka sintering o ke kila kila 17-4 PH no ka wehewehe ʻana i ka nui hope, ka pae, ka microstructure, a me nā ʻano. ʻO nā ʻāpana nui ʻehā o ka ʻikepili helu ʻo ia ka mālama wela, ka lewa sintering, ka ʻike oxygen mua, a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana.

ʻO ka wela o ka sintering ka mea nui loa i ka nui o ka sintered.

 

Ka nui o nā ʻāpana

ʻO ka diffusion o ka ʻili ke kaʻina hana e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana mua i ka wā o ka sintering; ʻo kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi me kahi ʻāpana ʻili nui e hoʻoikaika i ka paʻa mua. E hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka polimer iwi kuamoʻo e ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻili i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka pyrolysis binder. Pono ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāʻī i ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana i ka palena o ka palaoa e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana metala i mea e hana ai i nā palena palaoa ma waena o nā ʻāpana. Ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka palena o ka palaoa, nui ka nui o ka palaoa i ka sintering i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, a he hopena koʻikoʻi ia i ka helu sintering. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hopena o ka nui o ka nui o ka mea mua e nā wela kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka lōʻihi o ka paʻa ʻana.

 

Ka lewa

I loko o ke kila kila, nā koho kaiapuni sintering maʻamau e komo pū me ka vacuum, hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrogen-nitrogen, a me argon-hydrogen.


ʻO nā lewa sintering kaulana ʻelua no ke kila kila 17-4 PH he hydrogen a me ka vacuum. Aia ka hāʻule ʻana o ka oxide ke hoʻohui ʻia ke kalapona. Hiki i ke silikona a me ka chromium ke paʻa i ka oxygen me ka hoʻohui kalapona o ka graphite. Hoʻemi ka oxide i ka wā kiʻekiʻe ka mahana a kiʻekiʻe ka pae hydrogen; ʻo kahi hau haʻahaʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kēia kaʻina hana. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻili anuanu ma hope o ka sintering e hana i kahi uhi passive o ke silikoni, hao, a me ka chromium e kūʻē i ka corrosion.

Ma ke ʻano he stabilizer austenite ikaika, loaʻa ka nitrogen i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o martensite a me nā ʻano hope loa o ke kila kila. I ka wā e maʻalili ai, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka nitrogen, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka austenite, e like me Cr2N. E hoʻopau ʻia ka chromium i loko o ka palena o ka palaoa e kēia wai, kahi e hiki koke ai ke ʻino ʻia. ʻO ka hopena, pono mākou e pale i ka nitrogen mai ke komo ʻana i ka lewa sintering a hoʻomaha i nā ʻāpana ma lalo o 900 ° C ma ka wikiwiki o 200 ° C i kēlā me kēia minuke. i ke kila kila 17-4 PH e pale i ka hana ʻana o ka chromium nitride.

Hoʻopuka pū ʻo Graphite i nā puʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka carbon monoxide i loko o nā kapuahi maloʻo, ʻo ia ke kumu e kūleʻa ai nā kapuahi graphite i ka sintering. Ma 1300 ° C a me kahi haʻahaʻa CO haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 0.001, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ka chromium oxide i chromium.

 

 

Ka Mahana a me ka Pumehana

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pōʻai sintering maʻamau i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka haumia a me nā kaʻina hana hoʻopau hoʻopaʻa e pili ana i ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ka paʻa ʻana i nā wela like ʻole. No ka emi ʻana o ka haumia, kokoke ka mahana kūpono i ka 1000 ° C, ʻoiai no ka wehe ʻana i ka polymer hope loa, kokoke ia i 600 ° C.

ʻO ke kila kila 17-4PH e hoʻemi ana i ka sintering i ka hoʻāʻo dilatometry ma kahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 1250 ° C, akā ʻo ka piha-density (98%) pono i kahi wela kiʻekiʻe o 1300 ° C. E mahu nae ke keleawe a me ka chromium i keia mau wela kiekie, malia paha e lilo ana ka hana wela a me ke kupaa.

 

Hoʻohui ʻia, kōkua ʻia ka synthesis o ka delta-ferrite e nā wela nui aʻe; me ka hoʻopuehu wikiwiki ʻana, e kōkua kēia māhele i ka hoʻopaʻa hope. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻāpana delta-ferrite keʻokeʻo a me nā wahi ʻeleʻele o nā pores oxide pōʻai ma ka pakuhi micro-structure o MIM 17-4PH i ka sintering.

ʻO ka microstructure o 1260 SS17-4 MIM

 

Manao o Carbon

I ke kaʻina hana sintering, ʻo carbon kekahi mea hoʻopaʻa austenite. E ho'okō 'ia ka ikaika a me ka pa'akikī me ka pae ha'aha'a o ke kalapona i ho'opa'a 'ia ma 17-4, ma lalo o 0.1 paona paona. ʻO ke kila kila 17-4 PH ka pae, densification, a me nā hiʻohiʻona mechanical e hoʻopili ʻia e ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kalapona.

 

ʻO ka pauka atomized o ka MIM kaʻina, nā koena binder, debinding cycle, sintering environment, hoʻomaka oxygen, a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe o ka sintering kekahi o nā mea hoʻololi e pili ana i ka pae kalapona. ʻO ka mea hoʻoholo mua o ka ʻike kalapona hope loa i ka wā sintering ʻo ia ka pae oxygen mua. No ka laʻana, nalowale ka 0.03% kalapona i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hydrogen o 17-4 mau pauka atomized kinoea ma 1343°C. Eia kekahi, ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki i nā koena mea hoʻopili ke hoʻomake i ke kalapona.

I loko o ka hydrogen a me ka vacuum sintering, ka ikaika tensile o ke kila kuhiliʻole 17-4 e hoʻopili ʻia e ka nui o ke kalapona i mālama ʻia. Ma ka H900 a i ʻole H1100 mālama wela, a i ʻole ma ka sintering maʻamau ma 1300 a 1360 ° C. Hōʻike kēia kiʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika tensile i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kalapona.

 

Manawa Manawa

I ka sintering, hāʻule nā ​​manawa paʻa i ka wela kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 60 a 120 mau minuke. mai ka mānoanoa sintered versus mehana a me ka pakuhi manawa e pili ana. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana mai 1240°C a 1360°C, hōʻike ia i ka holomua holomua mai 96.3% a i 98.3%. Loaʻa i nā compact sintering ka piha piha (98%), ma hope o 60 mau minuke o ka paʻa ʻana. Wehe ʻia ka porosity a hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka pore annihilation i kēia wā. ʻO ka nalowale o nā palena o ka palaoa a me ka luhi porosity ke kumu nui.

 

Nā pōmaikaʻi o MIM 17-4

Kū'ē kiʻekiʻe i ka corrosion
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka makahiki ma muli o ka mālama wela
Ka ikaika o ka ʻoihana a me ka lōʻihi
Kūʻē kūʻē i ka wela
He kūpono no ke ʻano geometry paʻakikī o MIM

 

Nā ʻano Mechanical

No nā mea hoʻolālā, hoʻohana ʻia ka MIM 17-4 PH. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālikelike punahele ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī, a me ka elongation. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka luhi, ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ikaika, a me ka paʻakikī o ka haʻihaʻi nā pilikia i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā ʻano hoʻololi.

Hōʻuluʻulu ke kiʻi ma lalo nei i nā palena awelika o 17-4 PH ma muli o ka nānā ʻana i ka helu helu o kekahi mau papahana MIM. ʻO nā ʻāpana Sintering ke kuleana ma kahi o 60% o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai.

 

E like me ka MIM oihana maʻamau, kuhiliʻole kila 17-4 PH pono i ka palena iki tensile ikaika o 790 MPa, he paakiki o 27 HRC ma hope o ka sintering, a me ka paakiki o 1070 MPa a me 33 HRC ma hope o ka wela. 4% elongation no nā mea ʻelua. ʻO ka ikaika tensile o ke kila kila 17-4PH ma hope o ka sintering 1350 ° C a me ka mālama wela H900 he 1280 MPa no ka pauka kinoea a me 1136 MPa no ka pauka wai-atomized. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hiki i ka pauka atomized kinoea ke hoʻokō i ka ikaika tensile wela o 1485 MPa me 9% elongation.

 

Kū'ē i ka Corrosion

ʻEhā ʻano o ke kila kila kila (304, 316, 430, a me 17-4) i hoʻāʻo ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo corrosion maʻamau i nā ʻano kūlana. Hōʻike nā hopena i ka 17-4 ka mea liʻiliʻi loa i kēia mau kūlana. Eia kekahi, no ka mea, ʻo nā pores ma nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kumu i ka corrosion kūloko e ka polarization concentrate, ʻoi aku ke kūpaʻa o nā mea hana i ka corrosion ma mua o nā mea sintered. ʻO ka hydrogen sintering a me ka pauka atomized gas he ʻelua ʻenehana kaulana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion no ka mea he drawback ke koena oxygen.

Pili pū ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion i ka biocompatibility. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka titanium a me ka cobalt alloys, ʻo ke kila kila 17-4 PH he cytotoxicity maikaʻi akā ʻaʻole nele i ka biocompatibility holoʻokoʻa.

 

Makeke noi PH no MIM 17-4

Hāʻawi ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona mechanical maikaʻi e ka 17-4 PH stainless steel ma nā mahana e like me 350°C. Eia kekahi, ua lawa ka lōʻihi no nā metala vase a me nā welds, a hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka warping a me ka scaling ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana i kahi mahana haʻahaʻa no kahi manawa pōkole.

Ma muli o kona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka corrosion a me ke kūpaʻa wela, aerospace 17-4 stainless steel kahi koho maikaʻi loa no nā noi aerospace. Hiki i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pauka kiʻekiʻe a me ka densification ke hōʻoia i ke ola o nā huahana MIM 17-4 a hōʻemi i ka loli hewa.

Nā kaʻa
ʻO ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa ʻo ia ke kila kila 17-4 no ka mea maʻalahi ke hana i nā ʻano like ʻole. Me ka lōʻihi lōʻihi, hoʻonui ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe metala i kona hiki no ke geometry paʻakikī.

Nā mea kūʻai
Ma muli o kona kū'ē kū'ē i ka corrosion, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka 17-4 i nā noi mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana MIM. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o kēia mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hana hewa ʻole.

I ka hopena

Hana ʻo MIM 17-4 PH i nā hana kupanaha i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā waiwai hoʻolālā. No nā noi kūpono he nui, hāʻawi ia i nā ʻano hui like ʻole o nā waiwai sintered. ʻO ka mahana hoʻoheheʻe ka mea hoʻoholo mua o nā ʻano hope ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke ʻano pauda, ​​ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka lōʻihi o ka paʻa ʻana, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka māhele i loaʻa i nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e pili ana i nā waiwai sintered.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka wela ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ka nui o ka sintered, a me ka morphology phase e pili ana i nā ʻano. ʻOiai e hoʻoholo ana ka density sintered i nā hiʻohiʻona, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) iā lākou.

Ke piʻi nui nei ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka Metal Injection Molding (MIM) me ke kila kila 17-4 PH. No ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā noi hou no ka 17-4 PH sintered, hilinaʻi ʻo JHMIM i ka waihona ʻenehana MIM.