Kupanga MwaukadauloZida: Kumangirira jakisoni wa Ceramic Kukukwera

Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woumba jakisoni wa ceramic

Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chaukadaulo wa CIM, zida zomangira jekeseni za ceramic zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina

1. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mawotchi a Swiss amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woumba jakisoni wa ceramic, ndipo zinthu zake ndi zirconia, zinthu za ceramic zomwe sizimavala.
2. Japan ali mafakitale zirconia CHIKWANGWANI zolumikizira ndi mkati dzenje awiri a 0.015mm.
3. United States yazindikira kupanga zirconia hair clippers ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida za silicon nitride mu injini.
4. Kupanga zingwe za ceramic zophatikizika bwino kwambiri za helix ndi milomo ya ceramic yokhala ndi ulusi pawiri mu State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy of Central South University of Technology of China. Sensa ya zirconia idapangidwa bwino ndi School of Materials Science ndi Technology ya Huazhong University of Science and Technology pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa CIM.

Basic process flow chart of ceramic jakisoni woumba

Ufa, binder, dispersant, lubricant -- kusakaniza -- degassing granulation -- jakisoni -- degreasing -- sintering -- Kuyesa zinthu

Tekinoloje yopangira jekeseni ya Ceramic pazofunikira za ufa wa ceramic

1. Ufa uyenera kukonzedwa mwapadera kuti ukhale wodzaza malire komanso mtengo wotsika;
2. ufa si agglomerate;
3. Maonekedwe a ufa amakhala ozungulira;
4. Pali kukangana kokwanira pakati pa ufa kuti tipewe kusinthika kapena kugwa kwa billet pambuyo poti binder ichotsedwe. Nthawi zambiri, otsetsereka achilengedwe Angle ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 55 °;
5. Kuti atsogolere sintering mofulumira, ayenera kukhala yaing'ono pafupifupi tinthu kukula, zambiri zosakwana 1 μm;
6. Ufa womwewo ndi wandiweyani, wopanda pores mkati;
7. Pamwamba pa ufa ndi woyera ndipo samachita mankhwala ndi binder.

jekeseni akamaumba binder dongosolo

Zomanga mu jekeseni akamaumba ali ndi ntchito ziwiri zofunika.

Choyamba, ufa ukhoza kusakanikirana mofanana mu siteji yopangira jekeseni, ndipo ufa ukhoza kukhala ndi madzi abwino pambuyo pa kutentha;

Kachiwiri, chomangiracho chimatha kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe a thupi pambuyo pa kuumba jekeseni komanso panthawi ya degreasing.

Tinganene kuti binder ndiye pachimake ndi chinsinsi mu luso jekeseni ufa jekeseni, ndipo aliyense kusintha ndi yopambana jekeseni akamaumba ndondomeko limodzi ndi kubadwa kwa dongosolo latsopano kugwirizana. Mu CIM , chifukwa kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kocheperako kuposa kuumba kwa zitsulo za ufa jekeseni, madzi a ufa wokhawokha ndi osauka, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa ufa ndi binder pambuyo kusakaniza kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimachititsa kuti degreasing ikhale yovuta, yomwe imayika patsogolo zofunikira kwambiri kwa binder. Chifukwa chake, ngati chomangira jekeseni wa ceramic, zinthu izi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

1. Kuyenda bwino. Kukhuthala kwa jekeseni woumba jekeseni kuyenera kukhala kochepetsetsa, kukhuthala ndipamwamba kwambiri, ufa sungasiyanitsidwe bwino mu binder, sizovuta kusakaniza, komanso zovuta kupeza billet yosakanikirana yosakanikirana, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kutulutsa zolakwika zoumba; Kutsika kwambiri mamasukidwe akayendedwe adzachititsa delamination wa ceramic ufa ndi binder, ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe sangathe kusinthasintha kwambiri ndi kutentha, apo ayi zilema zidzachitika.

2. Binder ayenera kunyowetsa ufa bwino ndikukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zomatira pa ufa. Nthawi zambiri kuti apititse patsogolo kunyowa kwa binder, zinthu zina zogwira ntchito ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti muchepetse kukhuthala kwa osakaniza ndikuwonjezera madzi ake. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, binder imanyowetsa particles kuti apange mphamvu ya capillary kuti adsorb particles ndikuteteza thupi kuti lisawonongeke. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa billet, ufa uyenera kukhala wosagwirizana ndi binder.

3. Chomangiracho chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri. Zimakhala zovuta kuti organic binder imodzi ikwaniritse zofunikira za fluidity, ndipo chimodzi mwa zigawozo chikachotsedwa, porosity yotseguka imapangidwa, yomwe imapangitsa kuti chotsaliracho chichotsedwe. Kuyeserera kwatsimikizira kuti kutsika kwamafuta amitundu yambiri kumathamanga kwambiri kuposa kuphatikizira kwa gawo limodzi ndipo zolakwika zake ndizochepa. Zachidziwikire, ma polima a organic okhala ndi zomangira zamitundu yambiri amagwirizana.

4. Binder imakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba komanso otsika kwambiri owonjezera kutentha. Izi sizimangopewa zolakwika zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa kutentha, komanso zimachepetsa kutentha kwa thupi ndi kuchepetsa zolakwikazo.

5. Kuphatikiza apo, chomangiracho chiyeneranso kukhala chopanda poizoni, chosaipitsa, chosasunthika, chopanda chinyezi, komanso kutentha kwa cyclic sikusintha.

Kuyerekeza ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana binder kachitidwe

Zomangira zingapo zodziwika mu CIM zimapangidwa

M'zaka zaposachedwa, zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga jekeseni wa ufa wa ceramic padziko lapansi. Monga tikuwonera patebulo, zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu CIM makamaka zimakhala za thermoplastic multi-component system.

Kukonzekera kwa CIM osakaniza

Chosakaniza ndi chisakanizo cha ufa ndi binder. Mu njira yonse yopangira jakisoni, kukonza ufa ndi polima binder osakaniza ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri. Njirayi imafuna kusakaniza kukhala ndi homogeneity yabwino, katundu wabwino wa rheological ndi makhalidwe abwino a degreasing.

Kwa teknoloji yosakaniza yosankhidwa, udindo waukulu ndikufanana ndi mlingo, kutentha ndi nthawi. Komabe, ngati kuthamanga kwa kusakaniza ndi kutentha kuli kochepa kwambiri, ziribe kanthu kuti nthawi yosakaniza siingakhale yofanana.

Vuto la Rheological la PIM makamaka ndikuwunika ndi mawonekedwe a kukhuthala kwa kusakaniza.

Jekeseni akamaumba

Cholinga cha kuumba jekeseni ndikupeza thupi lopanga CIM lopanda chilema komanso kapangidwe ka tinthu kofanana mu mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Kusakaniza kokonzedwa kumatha kubayidwa mu makina wamba opangira jakisoni wa pulasitiki, kapena kubayidwa mu makina apadera a jakisoni wa ufa. Njira zopangira jekeseni nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kutentha kwa jekeseni, kuthamanga kwa jakisoni, kuthamanga kwa jekeseni, kukakamiza kugwira ntchito, kukakamiza kugwira nthawi yozizira ndi kutentha kwa nkhungu. Ngati magawo a ndondomekoyo sakuyendetsedwa bwino, n'zosavuta kupanga zolakwika zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonongeka kwa jekeseni sikungatheke potsatira ndondomekoyi, choncho ndondomekoyi iyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu.

Zirconia jakisoni akamaumba zigawo

Kuwongolera zolakwika pakupanga jekeseni wa ceramic

Kuwongolera zolakwika mu njira yopangira jekeseni kungaganizidwe kuchokera kuzinthu ziwiri: kumbali imodzi, mgwirizano pakati pa kutentha kwa kutentha, kupanikizika ndi nthawi yakhazikitsidwa; Mbali ina ndi kuyenda kwa chakudya mu nkhungu patsekeke pamene kudzaza. Chifukwa zinthu zambiri za CIM ndi zigawo zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta komanso zofunikira kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa kusakaniza mu nkhungu kumaphatikizapo nkhani za mapangidwe a nkhungu, kuphatikizapo malo a doko la chakudya, kutalika kwa njira yotuluka, malo a dzenje, etc.

Ceramic sintering

Njira yopangira sintering makamaka ndikuwongolera kukula kwa mbewu zadothi, kupeza zida zofunikira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka sintering ndi thupi lowundana la ceramic sintered.

Sintering ndondomeko ziwiri zofunika magawo: sintering kutentha ndi sintering nthawi

Njira yatsopano yopangira jakisoni wa ceramic

Powder co-injection molding (PCM) ndi chitukuko chatsopano cha jekeseni wa ufa.Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina omangira mbiya-migolo iwiri kuti alowetse motsatizana mitundu iwiri ya ufa/binder mu nkhungu. Njirayi imalola kuti chithandizo chapamwamba chichitike panthawi yopangira jekeseni, osati pambuyo pokonzekera. Kukonzekera ndi mankhwala a pamwamba pa mankhwala akhoza kumalizidwa mu ndondomeko imodzi, yomwe imakhalanso yokongola kwambiri kuchokera ku luso lamakono ndi zachuma.

Ukadaulo wopangira jakisoni wocheperako, pankhani ya jekeseni wokha, njira yojambulira yotsika kwambiri ndi yabwino kuposa jekeseni wothamanga kwambiri.Kudyetsa mamasukidwe akayendedwe ambiri pakati 1.5-4.0Pa.s akhoza anamaliza ndi 0.8Mpa wothinikizidwa mpweya, amene angathe kuchotsa hayidiroliki dongosolo, jekeseni pisitoni ndi kulumikiza ndodo dongosolo mu zipangizo chikhalidwe. Zitha kuwoneka kuti ubwino wa jekeseni wochepetsetsa ndi kutsika kwapakati pa jekeseni wobiriwira, kuvala nkhungu zazing'ono, kudyetsa nkhungu zopanda ndodo, kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa kudyetsa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi kuvala kwa pistoni ya jekeseni ndi kusalekanitsa kwa ufa / binder. Kuphatikiza apo, pali kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi, kukula kwa zida zazing'ono, kapangidwe kosavuta komanso mtengo wotsika.