Imashini ya robot ya Humanoid itanga Ubushinwa

Imashini ya robot ya Humanoid

Moteri ya robot ya Humanoid nibikoresho bya electromagnetic ningirakamaro kuri robo ya humanoid kuko itanga moteri yo gutwara muguhindura cyangwa guhererekanya ingufu z'amashanyarazi ukurikije amategeko yo kwinjiza amashanyarazi. Bitekerezwa nkigice cyo gukora robot. Irashobora kwitwa "umutima" wimikorere ya robo yumuntu kuva yashizwe kuri buri rugingo kugirango igenzure urujya n'uruza nkuko bisabwa, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya robo.

Ihuriro rya robo ningingo zifatizo zubaka za robo, na moteri, nibice byingenzi bigize sisitemu ihuriweho, ikora imirimo nko kongera umuriro, kwanduza, no kwihuta. Imashini za robo zabantu, zifite imyumvire isa nabantu, gufata ibyemezo, imyitwarire, hamwe nimiterere ya antropomorphique, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubintu bisa nabantu. Moteri ishinzwe gusunika ingingo za robo muriki gikorwa kugirango ishobore kugenda, kwiruka, no guhagarara.

Mubice byose byingenzi bya robo yumuntu, moteri ifite umugabane wagaciro kugeza kuri 25%. Nkurugero, suzuma robot ya Tesla humanoid, ifite moteri 28 mumubiri wacyo, zimwe murizo zikoresha moteri ya torque idafite moteri, hamwe namaboko yayo akomeye, akoresha moteri yubusa. Hano hari moteri yibikombe cumi na bibiri kuri robot imwe, itandatu kuri buri kuboko.

Iterambere rikomeje mu ikoranabuhanga rya moteri naryo ritera imbere iterambere rya tekinoroji ya robo. Iterambere, ritangirira kuri moteri yogejwe kugeza kuri moteri idafite amashanyarazi no kuva kuri moteri isanzwe kugeza kuri moteri idafite moteri, ntabwo byongera imikorere ya moteri gusa ahubwo binongera ubunyangamugayo, guhuza n'imihindagurikire, hamwe nubushobozi bwimikorere ya robo ya kimuntu. Isoko ryimashini za robo ziragenda ryiyongera cyane kuko gutera imbere mubwenge bwubuhanga no gushyigikira amategeko, bizanatanga inganda zimodoka umwanya munini wo gutera imbere.

Ubwoko bwibanze bwa moteri

(I) Gutondekanya ukurikije umurima wabisabye

1.Ibiranga no gukoresha imanza zo kugenzura na moteri yimbaraga:Nimbaraga zabo zisohoka cyane, moteri yibanda kumodoka, gufata feri, no gutwara. Imodoka, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho bito byimashini, nizindi nganda bikunze kubikoresha. Mu modoka, nkurugero, moteri yamashanyarazi iha ibinyabiziga imbaraga zikeneye kugenda. Moteri igenzura yibanda kumasoko asohoka, harimo amplitude-frequency, phase-frequency, hamwe nibisohoka, kimwe nukuri kwayo. Nibyiza kuri robo, semiconductor, Photovoltaics, bateri ya lithium, automatike yinganda, nizindi domeni. Batanga cyane cyane ibikorwa, gutahura, no gukemura muri sisitemu yigenga.

2.Igabana rya moteri igenzura:

• o Moteri ikomeza: imiterere yoroshye, ihindura ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi, kandi ikazenguruka inguni ihamye muburyo bwerekanwe kuri buri kimenyetso cyinjiza. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ifunguye, nk'ibikoresho byo mu biro, ibikoresho by'itumanaho, ibikoresho byo gucapa n'ibindi bice. Nyamara, imikorere yacyo no kugenzura neza ni bike.
• o Moteri ya Servo: ugereranije na moteri yintambwe, yongeramo encoder hamwe nuburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo, hamwe no kugenzura neza kandi byihuse. Ikoreshwa cyane mubihe bisaba kugenzura neza, nka semiconductor, Photovoltaics, bateri ya lithium, automatike yinganda, robot, nibindi. Ifite ibyiza byubunini buto, kugenzura neza ukuri, kuramba, kwihuta, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi no gukomera kwinshi.
• o moteri ya Torque: hamwe na torque nkicyerekezo cyo kugenzura, irashobora gutanga itara rihamye kumuzigo mugihe moteri iri mumuvuduko muke cyangwa ikanahagarara. Ifite ibyiza byumuvuduko muke, torque nini, imbaraga ziremereye cyane nigisubizo cyihuse, kandi igabanijwemo moteri ya torque na moteri idafite moteri.

(II) Icyiciro cya moteri idafite amashanyarazi

1.Butagira moteri idafite moteri na moteri yasunitswe idafite moteri itandukanye:

Moteri yogejwe idafite moteri ikoresha imashini yogosha kandi ikabura icyuma muri rotor. Ibishishwa bizunguruka, ariko inkingi za rukuruzi ziguma zihagaze. Ingendo na shitingi bizunguruka iyo moteri ikora, ariko guswera karubone na magnesi ntibikora. Binyuze mu guhuza hagati ya karuboni ya karubone na komateri, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zihinduka ingufu za mashini. Moteri idafite amashanyarazi idafite moteri ikoresha uburyo bwa elegitoronike kandi ikabura icyuma muri stator. Inkingi ya rukuruzi irazunguruka, ariko ibishishwa bikomeza guhagarara. Kugirango ukore ibikorwa bidafite spark, komateri ya elegitoronike ihita ihindura icyerekezo kigezweho ukurikije umwanya wa rotor.

2.Itandukaniro riri hagati yibi byombi muburyo bwo kugabanya, uburyo bwo kugenzura, imiterere ya rotor, niba hari sensor ya Hall nigihe cyo kubaho:

• Uburyo bwo kugabanura: Moteri yohanagura ya hollow igikombe ikoresha imashini ya brush yoguhindura. Hariho ubushyamirane bugereranije mugihe gikora, bizabyara urusaku n'amashanyarazi, bigabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi ya moteri. Moteri ya Brushless hollow cup ikoresha ikoreshwa rya elegitoronike, ifite ibiranga imikorere ihanitse, ihindagurika rito rya torque, ubuzima burebure bwa serivisi, imiterere yoroshye, kubungabunga neza, no kubungabunga byoroshye.

• Uburyo bwo kugenzura: Moteri yohanagura igikombe cya moteri ikoresha igenzura ryubu; moteri idafite brush idafite moteri igomba guhuzwa nabashoferi kugirango bagenzure ibinyabiziga.

• Imiterere ya rotor: Moteri yohanagura igikombe cya moteri ni coil, ingendo noguhuza amasahani azunguruka hagati yigikonoshwa na rukuruzi ihoraho kugirango ikore rotor; ibishishwa bya moteri idafite igikonjo cya moteri irashizweho, kandi magnesi azunguruka hagati, ari na rotor.

• Haba hari sensor ya Hall: Moteri zogejwe zidafite igikombe ntizifite ibyuma bya Hall; brushless hollow cup moteri ifite sensor ya Hall.
• Ubuzima: Ubuzima bwa moteri yubusa ya moteri iterwa na commutator, muri rusange ni 1000-3000h; brushless hollow cup moteri ikoresha ibyuma, bifite ubuzima burebure bugera kuri 10000h +.

(III) Moteri yumuriro

1. Incamake yibiranga moteri idafite moteri:Hamwe nibice bibiri gusa - rotor na stator - moteri ya torque idafite moteri ni moteri ya rukuruzi ihoraho ifite moteri isohoka nkibipimo byo gupima. Ihaza ibikenerwa bya robot ya humanoid yubunini bwa moteri yoroheje, itara ryinshi, hamwe nigisubizo cyihuse bitewe nibiranga ubunini buto, imbaraga nyinshi, hamwe n’umuriro mwinshi mwinshi. Kurugero, moteri ya torque idafite moteri irashobora kugera kubinyabiziga bitaziguye, umuvuduko wihuse, imiterere yoroheje, kuzigama umwanya, gukora neza, no guhuza byoroshye nibindi bikoresho bya robo. Irashobora kandi kubyara torque nyinshi mubunini buke.

2. Gisesengura inzitizi zayo hamwe nuburyo bwo guhatanira：

• Inzitizi: Inzira ya magnetiki hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera ninzitizi nyamukuru ya tekinike ya moteri ya moteri idafite moteri. Abakora mu mahanga batangiye kare kandi bafite ibyiza-byimuka byambere muburyo bwikoranabuhanga. Kurugero, rotor ya TM TECH yo muri Koreya yepfo ikoresha ikorana buhanga rya magnetiki ya magnetiki impeta, Reta zunzubumwe zamerika Kollmorgen ikoresha ibice byagabanijwe hamwe na tekinoroji ya karuboni ihuza, naho TQ Robodrive yo mubudage ikoresha statut ya modular hamwe na tekinoroji ya epoxy plastike. Ibigo byimbere mu gihugu byatangiye bitinze, kandi hariho icyuho cyubwinshi bwumuriro ugereranije n’amahanga yo mu rwego rwo hejuru adafite moteri ya moteri. Mubyongeyeho, ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bifite ibisabwa byinshi muburyo bwa magnetisiyonike hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora moteri. Moteri ya torque idafite moteri ikenera guhindurwa ukurikije ibipimo byubushakashatsi bwihariye, bitanga ibisabwa byihariye kubikoresho byimashini zizunguruka mugikorwa cyo gukora. Muri icyo gihe, iyo bigeze ku bucucike bukabije, ni ngombwa kugenzura izamuka ry’ubushyuhe bwa moteri, ibyo bikaba bitera ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa moteri.
• Imiterere irushanwa: Umuyobozi wisi yose ni Kollmorgen, kandi imikorere yayo ya moteri iri muri echelon yambere kwisi. Amasosiyete yo mu gihugu afite iterambere ryihuse arimo Buke Co, Ltd. na Aerospace Electric, ariko ugereranije n’abayobozi bo mu mahanga, moteri y’imbere mu gihugu ifite moteri ntoya kandi iracyafite icyuho mu mikorere y’ibicuruzwa. Mugihe ubushobozi bwisoko bugenda bwiyongera, abakora servo nka tekinoroji ya Huichuan, Ikoranabuhanga rya Hechuan, Wuxi Xinjie, na Leadshine nabo bafite umusingi wo kwinjira mumasoko adafite moteri.

Imashini ya robot ya Humanoid

Buke Co, Ltd.:Nka moteri idafite moteri ikora, ikora cyane mubijyanye na moteri ya robot ya humanoid. Ibicuruzwa byayo ni bito mubunini kandi bifite imbaraga nyinshi, zishobora kuba zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa bya robot ya humanoid ihuza moteri. Buke Inc.

 Amashanyarazi ya Ming:Ifite imikorere idasanzwe mubijyanye na moteri ya hollow cup kandi ni umwe mubakinnyi bakomeye mumasoko ya moteri yisi yose. Ibicuruzwa byayo birashobora kugereranwa nabanywanyi bo mumahanga kandi birashobora guhura nibisabwa murwego rwohejuru nka robot ya humanoid. Ming's Electric yakomeje gushora imari mubushakashatsi niterambere kugirango itezimbere urwego rwa tekinike ya moteri idafite igikombe, kandi ifite ibyiza byingenzi mumikorere ya moteri, umuvuduko, umuvuduko wo gusubiza, nibindi.

Ikoranabuhanga rya Dingzhi (ishami rya Jiangsu Leili):Yatahuye umusaruro wikora wa hollow cup moteri ihindagurika. Diameter ntarengwa ya moteri yubusa irashobora kugera kuri 8mm naho umuvuduko ntarengwa urashobora kugera kuri 80.000 rpm. Mu rwego rwa moteri ya robot ya kimuntu, Ikoranabuhanga rya Dingzhi ritanga ibicuruzwa bifite moteri ikora cyane kubiganza bya robo byimashini ndetse nibindi bice hamwe nubuhanga bugezweho bwo gukora no kugenzura ubuziranenge.

Kwihana Co, Ltd.:Imwe mumasosiyete yambere yo murugo guca kumurongo wa tekiniki ya moteri yubusa. Mu rwego rwa moteri ya robot ya humanoid, Tuobang Co., Ltd yibanda ku guhanga ibicuruzwa no gukora ubushakashatsi niterambere, kandi bikomeza kunoza imikorere no kwizerwa bya moteri. Ibicuruzwa bifite moteri idafite akamaro bifite inyungu zimwe muburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu no kugenzura neza, bitanga garanti ikomeye yo kugenzura imikorere ya robo.

Tianqi Co, Ltd.:Mu ruganda rukora amamodoka ya robo ya muntu, Tianqi Co., Ltd yibanda cyane cyane ku gutunganya ibinyabiziga no kongera gukora. Binyuze mu buhanga buhanitse bwo gutunganya no gutunganya ibintu, Tianqi Co., Ltd. irashobora gutunganya neza no gukoresha moteri y’imyanda, kugabanya igiciro cy’umusaruro wa robo y’abantu, kandi ikagira uruhare mu kurengera ibidukikije.

Jiangsu Leili:Ifite amashami nka Dingzhi Technology kandi ifite imbaraga zikomeye mubijyanye na moteri yubusa. Jiangsu Leili ihuza umutungo kandi igahora itezimbere imikorere nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bifite moteri, bitanga ibisubizo byizewe byiterambere mugutezimbere robo zabantu.

Amashanyarazi ya WeiChuang:Ifite ibyiza bimwe na bimwe byo kugenzura ibinyabiziga bya robot. Umushoferi wa moteri ya WeiChuang arashobora kugera kugenzura neza moteri no kunoza imikorere no guhagarara kwa moteri. Ibicuruzwa byayo bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byogukora inganda nizindi nzego, bitanga ubufasha bwa tekiniki yo kugenzura imikorere yimashini za robo.

Haozhi Amashanyarazi:Nka kodegisi na sensor ikora, igira uruhare runini murwego rwinganda za robo. Ibicuruzwa bya Haozhi Electromechanical birashobora gutanga ibitekerezo-byukuri kumwanya ugenda wa buri murongo wa robo, bigatanga amakuru yamakuru yo kugenzura neza robot. Ibicuruzwa byayo bya kodegisi birangwa nubusobanuro buhanitse kandi bwizewe, kandi bifite ibyerekezo byinshi byo gukoresha mubijyanye na robo ya kimuntu.

Ikoranabuhanga rya Hechuan:Ifite isoko runaka mubijyanye no kugenzura ibinyabiziga bya robo. Umugenzuzi wa moteri ya Hechuan arashobora kugera kugenzura neza moteri no kunoza imikorere no guhagarara kwa moteri. Ibicuruzwa byayo bifite ibyiza bimwe mubisubizo byihuta no kugenzura neza, kandi bitanga igisubizo cyizewe cyo kugenzura imikorere yimashini za robo.

Itsinda ryo hejuru: Ifite imiterere runaka mubice bya sisitemu ya robot chassis ya humanoid. Ibicuruzwa byo mu itsinda rya mbere birashobora gutanga inkunga ihamye hamwe na platifike yimikorere ya robo yumuntu, kandi ifite uburambe ninyungu za tekinike mugushushanya no gukora sisitemu ya chassis.