Eminyakeni yamuva, i-inqubo yokubumba umjovo we-micro-metal (μ-MIM)ithuthukiswe ngenhloso yokukhiqiza izinsimbi nama-alloys angasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bezingxenye ezincane kanye nezakhiwo ezincane. I-μ-MIM ikwandisa kakhulu ukutholakala kwezinsimbi nama-alloys wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezincane, njengezinto ezintsha ezinokuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, amandla kanye nokuqina, kanye ne-thermal conductivity kanye ne-magnetism.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa nokubunjwa kwe-micro-injection yepulasitiki, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-bimetal eyakhiwe yi-μ-MIM yenza izinto ezimbili ezihlukene zensimbi zixhunywe ndawonye (i-bimetal co-injection) ngesikhathi sokubumba umjovo.

1. Izingxenye ezimbili ze-MIM (2C-MIM)

Ingaphezulu linezimbotshana futhi ingaphakathi liminyene

Njengendlela yokukhiqiza izingxenye ze-bimetallic, abantu baye bahlakulela inqubo ye-2C-MIM (Izingxenye Ezimbili ze-MIM). Inzuzo eyinhloko yenqubo ye-2C-MIM ukuthi izinto ezimbili ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene zingahlanganiswa ngokuqondile kwinqubo eyodwa yokukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukusebenza okuhlangene okulandelayo (okufana nokushisela, i-riveting, ukuhlanganisa ukubopha, njll.).

Izingxenye ezingenziwa yi-2C-MIM zisukela ezingxenyeni ezingenalutho ezinezakhiwo zangaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi kuye kwezinwebekayo ezikhiphekayo.

Inhloso yalo lonke ucwaningo ukukhiqiza izingxenye zobunjiniyela ezithuthukisiwe ngezindleko ezivumayo. Ezingxenyeni ezigqokeka kalula, ungaqinisa endaweni kuphela izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nendawo yokungqubuzana ngezinto eziqinile noma ezingagugi kakhulu, nezinye izingxenye zesakhiwo ezinezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.

Ukwakha izingxenye ze-bimetal, ukuqonda nje ukubunjwa komjovo wezinto ezimbili zomjovo akwanele, okubalulekile ukuthi lezi zinto ezimbili kufanele zikwazi ukucwiliswa esithandweni esifanayo nasemkhathini ofanayo we-sintering. Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushwabana kwezingxenye ezimbili alifani ngesikhathi sokucwilisa, kungase kuholele ekudaleni noma ekuqhekekeni. Futhi lapho kwakhiwa isigaba esiyingozi, izakhi ezihlanganisiwe zingase zisakaze eduze komngcele, okunciphisa izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo.

Umfanekiso 17-4PH/316L isampula ye-tensile eyinhlanganisela elungiselelwe ngomjovo ohlangene

Ngokuxhumanisa izici zokwenza, ikhwalithi yezingxenye ze-2C-MIM iyathuthukiswa. Ngenxa yekhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokwenza ingxenye ngezinto ezihlukene ngaphandle komsebenzi wokuhlanganisa, inqubo ye-2C-MIM ngokuqinisekile izokwandisa imakethe yohlelo lokusebenza. Imboni ye-MIM.

Uma ububanzi bezinhlayiya ze-powder bungaphansi kwe-1um, izinto zomjovo ezikhethekile kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuzivumelanisa nezinkinga ezibangelwa indawo enkulu yendawo.ukubumba umjovo we-powder kanye nokwehlisa amafutha.

2.Inqubo Yokubumba Umjovo Wensimbi Encane (μ-MIM)

Isitsha sokuphendula se-Microinjection yensimbi engagqwali

Imikhiqizo nezinhlelo ziba mincane, okusho ukuthi izingxenye zesakhiwo nezisebenzayo kumasistimu ayinkimbinkimbi ziba zincane futhi zibe zincane.

Lokhu akudingi kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe ezinezakhiwo ezibonakalayo ezifanele, kodwa nezici zejiyomethri ezenziwe nge-micro-miniaturized ukuze kwandiswe inani lemisebenzi ehlanganisiwe.

Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu nezinokwethenjelwa zokukhiqiza izingxenye ezincane noma izingxenye ezincane zesakhiwo, futhi izingxenye ezincane zesakhiwo ezenziwe nge-μ-MIM zingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sezingxenye zepulasitiki ukuze kutholwe izinzuzo zezakhiwo zemishini, ukumelana nokugqwala noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lezinto zensimbi.

Impumelelo yale nqubo entsha yokukhiqiza isekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi inqubo yayo yokuncintisana inqunyelwe izinto eziphathekayo noma umthamo wokukhiqiza ngobuningi, futhi ayikho enye indlela ye-μ-MIM.

Ubuchwepheshe be-LIGA (inhlanganisela ye-lithography kanye ne-electroforming) ngokuvamile bufaneleka kuphela ku-2D geometry, futhi bunqunyelwe i-electroforming mayelana nokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Amanye amasu, njengezindlela zokukhiqiza izinto ezincane ze-electrochemical, micro-milling kanye ne-micro-grinding, zivela embonini ye-silicon-based microelectronics futhi zinamandla okuxazulula izici ezincane njengo-1μm, kodwa azifanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningiIzingxenye ze-3D.

Manje, izingxenye ezincane ezikhiqizwa nge-μ-MIM zingaba zincane njengo-5μm ngosayizi wesici. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, njengokugcina umumo ngokwezimpawu zokugeleza noma izingxenye, kuye kwasungulwa izinto zokujova ezikhethekile ezingenzeka ngokugcwele ku-submicron noma i-nanometer edingekayo ku-μ-MIM.

Ngokuvamile, ezingxenyeni ezincane, i-MIM ingakwazi ukuphindaphinda izici ezingaba izikhathi ezingu-10 ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana ezijwayelekile, ezifanele ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezincane, uma ufuna ukudala izici ezincane, udinga ukusebenzisa impushana encane. Manje, impushana yensimbi etholakalayo ingu-1μm. Ezinye izimpushana zisebenza kakhulu ukukhiqiza izimpushana kulolu hlu losayizi wezinhlayiyana (isb., Ti), kuyilapho ezinye izimpushana zensimbi zikhiqizwa kalula ngokuhwamuka okukhethekile kwe-aerosol (isb, insimbi engagqwali).

Uma ububanzi bezinhlayiyana ze-powder bungaphansi kwe-1um, izinto zokujova ezikhethekile kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuzivumelanisa nezinkinga ezibangelwa indawo enkulu yokubunjwa komjovo we-powder kanye nokunciphisa.

Isithombe segiya lensimbi engenasici kanye ne-impeller

Njengamanje, i-μ-MIM isesigabeni sokufukamela futhi ithuthuka kakhulu ngokuhambisana nenqubo ye-2C-MIM. Okokuqala, zombili lezi zinqubo seziyakhiqizwa, kodwa zombili zenza ukukhishwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nezifundo zokuthi kungenzeka yini ezinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye ezincane noma izingxenye ezincane zesakhiwo.

Imigomo yokuqala yokuncintisana yocwaningo nentuthuko ibalulekile endleleni eya empumelelweni yemakethe, kodwa kuphela ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha nezinqubo zokukhiqiza eduze kwamathuba e-2C-μ-MIM embonini, kuhambisana nemfundo yonjiniyela nochwepheshe, kungafinyelelwa impumelelo yangempela.

Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule, ngokusetshenziswa kwengilazi ye-ceramic ne-3D kumakhalekhukhwini uthola ukunakwa okwengeziwe, kukhona namamodeli amaningi anezinhlangothi ezimbili zengilazi ye-3D nesakhiwo se-ceramic. Amabhizinisi amaningi anale mboni, ebonisa ukuchuma kwezimbali eziyikhulu, obunye ubuchwepheshe obusha, izinqubo ezintsha, izinto ezintsha zakhiwe, ezifana: insimbi engagqwali, ingxubevange ye-titanium, ifreyimu ye-MIM, isembozo sangemuva se-ceramic, izici zenqubo njengokuthi, inqubo yokuhlobisa ingilazi yokuthuthukiswa kokuthungwa, inkino yokufafaza inqubo entsha, ukuphrinta nokuhlanganisa i-antenna; Indlela yokuthuthukisa izinga lokuphasa kwengilazi ye-3D, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle sekuyinkinga enzima kuyo yonke imboni.

  Ukubumba umjovo wensimbi⎮I-Powder Metallurgy⎮Mayelana NATHI