Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba intsimbi engatyiwayo ayiyi kuhlwa, enyanisweni, ifana nezinye iintsimbi ezininzi, ukunxibelelana kwezandla okanye ukunxibelelana nomoya ochatshazelwa kukusingqongileyo kuya kuba ngumhlwa oxidized, ukongeza, intsimbi engenanto kumphezulu womsebenzi emva kokulungiswa komatshini njengokuwelda, ukunyathela, ukugoba, unyango lobushushu kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa umaleko we-oxidation emnyama ye-metamorphic yokuqina, ixesha elibonakalayo elinobunkunkqele obubonakalayo kwaye bunobungqingili obubonakalayo. kwiliso lenyama kunye ne-Angle burrs ebukhali, njl., ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima ukususa ngeendlela zoomatshini, ezichaphazela umdlalo weempawu zezinto zokusebenza ngokwazo. Ukuze basombulule ezi ngxaki, abantu basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokusila nokupholisha imiphezulu yesinyithi enjengentsimbi engatyiwayo. Ukuze basombulule ezi ngxaki, abantu basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokusila nokupholisha imiphezulu yesinyithi enjengentsimbi engatyiwayo.

Umphezulu wentsimbi engenasicigqibag – ukuhlelwa kokupholisha

1.1Ukugulisa oomatshini:Ukupholiswa koomatshini kukusika, ukuguqulwa kweplastiki kumphezulu wezinto ezigudisiweyo ukususa indawo epholisiweyo yeconvex kwaye ufumane indlela yokugudisa egudileyo, ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa umtya we-whitetstone, ivili loboya, i-sandpaper, njl. I-Super finishing polishing kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokusila, kwi-liquid polishing liquide equkethe i-abrasive, igxininiswe ngokuqinileyo kwi-workpiece ukuze isetyenziswe ngomatshini, ukujikeleza kwesantya esiphezulu. Uburhabaxa bomphezulu beRa0.008μm bunokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa le teknoloji, eyona iphakamileyo phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokupolisha. Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziswa kwi-optical lens molds.

1.2Ukugulisa imichiza:Ukupholisha kweMichiza kukunyibilikisa i-micro-convex inxalenye yobuso besixhobo kwindawo yekhemikhali ngokukhethwayo kunenxalenye ye-concave, ukuze kufumaneke indawo egudileyo. Inzuzo ephambili yale ndlela kukuba ayifuni izixhobo eziyinkimbinkimbi, inokuyipolisha i-workpiece enemilo enzima, kwaye inokuyipholisa imisebenzi emininzi ngexesha elinye, ngokusebenza okuphezulu. Ingxaki engundoqo yokupholisa imichiza kukulungiswa kolwelo lokupholisha. Uburhabaxa bomphezulu obufunyenwe ngokugudiswa kweekhemikhali ngokuqhelekileyo yi-10μm.

1.3Electrolytic polishing:Umgaqo osisiseko we-electrolytic polishing ufana nokupolisha kweekhemikhali, oko kukuthi, ngokukhetha ngokukhetha iinxalenye ezincinci eziphumayo kumphezulu wezinto ukwenza umphezulu ube lula. Xa kuthelekiswa nokupolisha kweekhemikhali, umphumo we-cathode reaction unokupheliswa kwaye umphumo ungcono.

Inkqubo ye-electrochemical polishing yahlulwe yangamanyathelo amabini: (1) i-macro leveling imveliso enyibilikileyo isasazeka kwi-electrolyte, uburhabaxa bejometri bomphezulu wezinto buyahla, kunye neRa> 1μm. (2) Inqanaba eliphantsi lokukhanya kwe-anodic polarization, ukukhanya kwendawo kwanda, Ra

1.4Ukupholisha kweUltrasonic:I-workpiece ifakwe kwi-abrasive suspension kwaye ifakwe ndawonye kwintsimi ye-ultrasonic, kwaye i-abrasive iphantsi kwaye iphuculwe phezu kwendawo yokusebenza ngokuxhomekeke kwi-oscillation ye-wave ye-ultrasonic. I-Ultrasonic processing force macroscopic incinci, ayiyi kubangela ukuguqulwa komsebenzi, kodwa ukuveliswa kwezixhobo kunye nokufakwa kunzima kakhulu. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-ultrasonic kunokudibaniswa neekhemikhali okanye iindlela ze-electrochemical. Ngesiseko se-corrosion yesisombululo kunye ne-electrolysis, i-vibration ye-ultrasonic isetyenziselwa ukuvuselela isisombululo, ukwenzela ukuba iimveliso ezichithwe phezu kwendawo yokusebenza zihlukaniswe, kwaye i-corrosion okanye i-electrolyte kufuphi nomphezulu ifana. I-Ultrasonic cavitation kwi-liquid inokuthintela inkqubo ye-corrosion, ehambelana nokukhanya kwendawo.

1.5Ukupholisha ulwelo: I-Fluid polishing ixhomekeke kwi-high-speed flow of liquid kunye neengqungquthela zayo ukuhlamba umphezulu we-workpiece ukufezekisa injongo yokupolisha. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zezi: i-abrasive jet processing, i-liquid jet processing, i-hydrodynamic grinding kunye nokunye. Ukusila kweHydrodynamic kuqhutywa luxinzelelo lwehydraulic ukwenza ulwelo oluphakathi oluthwele amasuntswana abrasive aqukuqele kumphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. I-medium yenziwe ngokukodwa kwiikhompawundi ezikhethekileyo (izinto ezinjenge-polymer) ezihamba kakuhle phantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi kwaye zixutywe kunye ne-abrasives, enokuthi ibe yi-silicon carbide powder.

1.6Ukuguliswa kwemagnethi yokusila:Ukugulisa imagnethi kukusetyenziswa kwezithinteli zemagnethi phantsi kwentshukumo yemagnethi ukwenza ibhrashi erhabaxayo yokusila i-workpiece. Le ndlela ineenzuzo zokusetyenzwa okuphezulu, umgangatho olungileyo, ulawulo olulula lweemeko zokusebenza kunye neemeko ezilungileyo zokusebenza. Nge-abrasive efanelekileyo, uburhabaxa bomphezulu bunokufikelela kwiRa0.1μm.

Izinto ezichaphazela umgangatho wokupolisha wokufa Ngenxa yokuba ukupolisha ngoomatshini kugqityezelwa ikakhulu ngesandla, iteknoloji yokupholisha isesona sizathu siphambili sokuchaphazela umgangatho wokupolisha. Ukongeza, inxulumene nezinto zokubumba, imeko yomphezulu ngaphambi kokupolisha, kunye nenkqubo yonyango lobushushu. Intsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu iyimfuneko yomgangatho olungileyo wokupolisha, ukuba ubulukhuni bomphezulu wentsimbi abulingani okanye kukho ukungafani kweempawu, zihlala zivelisa ubunzima bokupolisha. Ukufakwa okuhlukahlukeneyo kunye neepores kwintsimbi ayihambisani nokupolisha.

3.1 Impembelelo yobulukhuni obahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokupholisha Ukwanda kobulukhuni kwandisa ubunzima bokusila, kodwa uburhabaxa emva kokupholisha buyancipha. Ngenxa yokwanda kobulukhuni, ixesha lokupolisha elifunekayo ukufezekisa uburhabaxa obuphantsi linyuka ngokuhambelanayo. Kwangaxeshanye, ubunzima buyanda, kwaye ukubakho kokupholisha okugqithisileyo ngokuhambelanayo kuncitshiswe.

3.2 Impembelelo yesimo somphezulu womsebenzi kwinkqubo yokupolisha Kwinkqubo yokutyumza yomatshini wokusika isinyithi, umphezulu uya kutshatyalaliswa ngubushushu, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi okanye ezinye izinto, kunye neeparitha zokusika ezingafanelekanga ziya kuchaphazela umphumo wokupolisha. Umphezulu emva kwe-EDM unzima kakhulu ukugaya kunomhlaba emva komatshini oqhelekileyo okanye unyango olushushu, ngoko i-EDM kufuneka ihlaziywe kakuhle i-EDM yokugqoka ngaphambi kokuphela kwe-EDM, ngaphandle koko umphezulu uya kwenza ungqimba oluncinci oluqinileyo. Ukuba imilinganiselo yokucoca i-EDM ayikhethwanga ngokufanelekileyo, ubunzulu bobushushu obuchaphazelekayo bunokufikelela kwi-0.4mm ephezulu. Ubunzima boluhlu oluqinileyo oluqinileyo luphezulu kunolo lwe-substrate kwaye kufuneka lususwe. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukongeza inkqubo yokusila erhabaxa, ukususa ngokupheleleyo umaleko owonakalisiweyo womhlaba, kwaye wenze i-avareji yentsimbi erhabaxa, ebonelela ngesiseko esihle sokupolisha.

Ukuguliswa kwemichiza kwiimfuno zokugulisa azikho iimeko eziphakamileyo, kufuneka kufudunyezwe ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bangoku, ukuba iyakwazi ukusebenzisa ezi zintathu zingentla zokupholisa musa ukusebenzisa imichiza yokugulisa, ngenxa yokuba impembelelo yokugulisa imichiza imbi, ixabiso elibanzi liphezulu.

Izibonelelo ezingakumbi

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