Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi insimbi engagqwali ngeke ukugqwala, eqinisweni, kufana nezinye izinsimbi eziningi, ukuthintana ngesandla noma ukuthintana nomoya ezithintwa imvelo kuyoba ukugqwala oxidized, ngaphezu kwalokho, insimbi engagqwali ebusweni workpiece emva ukucutshungulwa mechanical ezifana Welding, isitembu, curling, ukwelashwa ukushisa kanye nezinye izinqubo ukukhiqiza ungqimba black oxidation metamorphic ukuqina lukhuni isikhathi eside, ungqimba olubonakalayo kwakheka kancane kancane futhi bubumbene. emehlweni kanye nama-Angle burrs acute, njll., ngokuvamile okunzima ukuwasusa ngezindlela zemishini, ezithinta ukudlala kwezici ze-workpiece material ngokwayo. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, abantu basebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene ukuze bagaye futhi bapholishe izindawo zensimbi njengensimbi engagqwali. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, abantu basebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene ukuze bagaye futhi bapholishe izindawo zensimbi njengensimbi engagqwali.

Indawo yensimbi engagqwalifinishing - ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba

1.1Ukupholisha ngomshini:Ukupholisha ngomshini ukusika, ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki kobuso bezinto ezibonakalayo ukususa ingxenye epholishiwe ye-convex futhi uthole indlela yokupholisha ebushelelezi, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa umucu omhlophe, isondo loboya, i-sandpaper, njll., ikakhulukazi ukusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla, izingxenye ezikhethekile ezinjengobuso bomzimba ojikelezayo, zingasebenzisa amathuluzi asizayo njengetafula elijikelezayo, izidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu zingasetshenziswa. I-Super finishing polishing iwukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi okugaya akhethekile, oketshezini lokupholishwa oluqukethe i-abrasive, icindezelwe ngokuqinile endaweni yokusebenza ukuze isetshenziswe ngomshini, ukuze ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu. Ubukhulu obuphezulu be-Ra0.008μm bungafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, obuphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokupholisha. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekubunjweni kwe-optical lens.

1.2Ukupholisha ngamakhemikhali:Ukupholisha ngamakhemikhali ukuncibilikisa ingxenye encane ye-convex ebusweni bento endaweni yamakhemikhali ngokukhethekileyo kunengxenye egobile, ukuze kutholwe indawo ebushelelezi. Inzuzo eyinhloko yale ndlela yukuthi ayidingi imishini eyinkimbinkimbi, ingakwazi ukupholisa i-workpiece ngesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ingapholisha ama-workpiece amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Inkinga eyinhloko yokupholisha ngamakhemikhali ukulungiswa koketshezi lokupholisha. Ubulukhuni obungaphezulu obutholakala ngokupholisha ngamakhemikhali ngokuvamile bungu-10μm.

1.3I-Electrolytic polishing:Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokupholisha nge-electrolytic siyefana nokupholisha kwamakhemikhali, okungukuthi, ngokukhetha ngokukhetha ukuncibilikisa izingxenye ezincane eziphumayo ebusweni bento yokwenza ubuso bushelelezi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokupholisha kwamakhemikhali, umphumela wokusabela kwe-cathode ungaqedwa futhi umphumela ungcono.

Inqubo yokupholisha nge-electrochemical ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezimbili: (1) umkhiqizo oncibilikisiwe wokulinganisa ngokukhulu usakazeka ku-electrolyte, ukuhwashala kwejiyomethri kwendawo ebonakalayo kuncipha, kanye no-Ra > 1μm. (2) I-anodic polarization yezinga eliphansi lokukhanya, ukukhanya kwendawo kukhuphukile, i-Ra

1.4Ukupholisha kwe-Ultrasonic:I-workpiece ifakwa ekumisweni kwe-abrasive futhi ibekwe ndawonye ensimini ye-ultrasonic, futhi i-abrasive iphansi futhi ipholishwe ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza ngokuthembela ku-oscillation ye-wave ye-ultrasonic. I-Ultrasonic processing force macroscopic incane, ngeke ibangele ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece, kodwa ukukhiqizwa nokufakwa kwamathuluzi kunzima kakhulu. Ukucubungula kwe-Ultrasonic kungahlanganiswa nezindlela zamakhemikhali noma ze-electrochemical. Ngesisekelo sokugqwala kwesisombululo kanye ne-electrolysis, ukudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic kusetshenziswa ukunyakazisa isisombululo, ukuze imikhiqizo encibilikisiwe ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza ihlukaniswe, futhi ukugqwala noma i-electrolyte eduze kwendawo kufana nomfaniswano. I-Ultrasonic cavitation oketshezini ingavimbela inqubo yokugqwala, ehambisana nokukhanya kwendawo.

1.5Ukupholisha uketshezi: Ukupholisha okuwuketshezi kuncike ekugelezeni koketshezi ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nezinhlayiya zalo ukuze kugezwe ingaphezulu le-workpiece ukuze kufezwe injongo yokupholisha. Izindlela ezijwayelekile yilezi: ukucutshungulwa kwejethi elibi, ukucutshungulwa kwejethi eliwuketshezi, ukugaya nge-hydrodynamic nokunye. Ukugaya nge-Hydrodynamic kuqhutshwa ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic ukwenza i-liquid medium ephethe izinhlayiya ezilumayo zigeleze ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu. I-medium ngokuyinhloko yenziwe ngama-compounds akhethekile (izinto ezinjenge-polymer) ngokugeleza okuhle ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephansi futhi ixubene nama-abrasives, okungaba i-silicon carbide powder.

1.6Ukupholisha ukugaya kazibuthe:Ukupholishwa kukazibuthe ukusetshenziswa kwama-abrasive kazibuthe ngaphansi kwesenzo sezinkambu kazibuthe ukwenza ibhulashi elihuqayo ukuze kugaywe ucezu lokusebenza. Le ndlela inezinzuzo zokucubungula okuphezulu, ikhwalithi enhle, ukulawula kalula izimo zokucubungula kanye nezimo ezinhle zokusebenza. Nge-abrasive efanelekile, ubulukhuni obungaphezulu bungafinyelela ku-Ra0.1μm.

Izici ezithinta ikhwalithi yokupholisha ye-die Ngenxa yokuthi ukupholisha ngomshini kuqedwa ngokuyinhloko ngesandla, ubuchwepheshe bokupholisha kuseyisizathu esiyinhloko sokuthinta ikhwalithi yokupholisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde ihlobane nezinto zokubumba, isimo esingaphezulu ngaphambi kokupholisha, kanye nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa. Insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu iyisidingo sekhwalithi enhle yokupholisha, uma ubulukhuni bensimbi bungalingani noma kunomehluko ezicini, kuvame ukukhiqiza ubunzima bokupholisha. Ukufakwa okuhlukahlukene kanye nama-pores ensimbi akusizi ukupholisha.

3.1 Umthelela wobulukhuni obuhlukene enqubweni yokupholisha Ukwanda kokuqina kwandisa ubunzima bokugaya, kodwa ukugoqa ngemva kokupholisha kuyehla. Ngenxa yokwanda kobulukhuni, isikhathi sokupholisha esidingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe ubuhhadlahhadla obuphansi sikhuphuka ngokufanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubulukhuni buyanda, futhi amathuba okupholisha ngokweqile ayancipha ngokufanayo.

3.2 Umthelela wesimo sobuso be-workpiece on inqubo yokupholisha Enqubweni yokuchoboza yemishini yokusika insimbi, indawo engaphezulu izolimazwa ukushisa, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi noma ezinye izici, futhi imingcele yokusika engafanele izothinta umphumela wokupholisha. Ubuso obungemuva kwe-EDM bunzima kakhulu ukugaya kunobuphezulu ngemuva komshini ojwayelekile noma ukwelashwa kokushisa, ngakho-ke i-EDM kufanele igqoke kahle i-EDM yokugqoka ngaphambi kokuphela kwe-EDM, ngaphandle kwalokho ingaphezulu lizokwenza ungqimba oluncane oluqinile. Uma inqubo yokucwenga ye-EDM ingakhethiwe kahle, ukujula kwesendlalelo esithintekile sokushisa kungafinyelela umkhawulo ongu-0.4mm. Ukuqina kongqimba oluncane oluqinile kuphakeme kunokwe-substrate futhi kufanele kususwe. Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu ukwengeza inqubo yokugaya, susa ngokuphelele ungqimba olungaphezulu olulimele, futhi wenze indawo yensimbi eqinile, enikeza isisekelo esihle sokupholisha.

Amakhemikhali wokupholisha izidingo zokupholisha akuzona izikhathi eziphakeme, isidingo ukushisa ukusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bamanje, uma ekwazi ukusebenzisa ezintathu ezingenhla ukupholishwa ungasebenzisi ukupholishwa kwamakhemikhali, ngoba umphumela wokupholisha amakhemikhali umpofu, izindleko olunzulu ziphakeme.

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